The Deposition and Reinstallation of Emir Sanusi of Kano: Nigerian Politicians Eroding the Dignity of the Traditional Institution.
By IBE CLIFF
Introduction
The traditional institution in Nigeria, once revered for its historical significance and cultural authority, has increasingly become a pawn in the political machinations of modern governance. The deposition of Emir Muhammadu Sanusi II of Kano in March 2020 is a prominent example of how political ego and vendetta can undermine the sanctity of traditional roles. This article explores the activities of Emir Sanusi before, during, and after his deposition by Governor Abdullahi Ganduje, compares it to other recent depositions in Nigeria, and examines how political interference is eroding the dignity of traditional institutions. It concludes with advice for both the government and traditional rulers on preserving these institutions for future generations.
Activities of Emir Sanusi Before, During, and After Deposition
Before Deposition
Emir Muhammadu Sanusi II, a former Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) Governor, ascended the throne of the Emir of Kano in June 2014. Known for his progressive and outspoken nature, Sanusi brought a reformist agenda to the traditional role. He advocated for socio-economic development, transparency, and accountability in governance. His tenure as Emir was marked by his vocal criticism of government policies, particularly those he perceived as detrimental to the economic stability and social welfare of Nigerians. Sanusi also focused on issues like education, women’s rights, and poverty alleviation, often clashing with conservative elements within the state and national government.
During Deposition
The tension between Sanusi and the Kano State government, particularly Governor Ganduje, culminated in his deposition on March 9, 2020. The official reasons cited included “insubordination” and “disrespect for lawful instructions,” but many observers believed his outspoken criticism of the government and its policies was the real catalyst. Sanusi’s removal was swift and dramatic, marked by his confinement and subsequent banishment to Nasarawa State. The deposition was widely condemned by human rights organizations and sparked debates on the autonomy of traditional institutions in the face of political power.
After Deposition
Following his deposition, Sanusi continued to be a significant public figure, gaining even more prominence as a critic of government policies. He took up academic roles, including a fellowship at the University of Oxford, and continued his advocacy for reform and social justice. In May 2023, Sanusi was reinstated as the Emir of Kano by a court ruling that declared his earlier deposition illegal. This legal victory was seen as a reaffirmation of the traditional institution’s autonomy and a check on political overreach.
Comparison with Other Recent Depositions in Nigeria
Sanusi’s deposition is not an isolated incident in Nigeria’s political landscape. Similar instances have occurred where traditional rulers have been removed or intimidated due to political disagreements:
1. Deposition of Deji of Akure: In 2010, the Deji of Akure, Oluwadare Adesina, was deposed following a public altercation and allegations of misconduct. Political undertones were evident as the deposition was perceived as influenced by local political dynamics.
2. Ooni of Ife Crisis: The succession tussle following the demise of Ooni Okunade Sijuwade in 2015 saw significant political interference, illustrating how traditional institutions are often manipulated by political interests.
3. Ado Bayero’s Attempted Removal: In 2014, the then Emir of Kano, Ado Bayero, faced pressures and political manoeuvrings that threatened his position, highlighting a recurring pattern of political encroachment on traditional roles.
The Erosion of Traditional Dignity by Political Ego
The interference of politicians in traditional institutions has several detrimental effects:
1. Undermining Authority: Traditional rulers lose their moral and cultural authority when they are seen as pawns of political interests.
2. Erosion of Credibility: Frequent political interference erodes public trust in traditional institutions, diminishing their role as impartial custodians of culture and tradition.
3. Diminished Autonomy: The autonomy of traditional rulers is compromised, reducing their ability to act independently and effectively within their communities.
Advice to Government and Traditional Rulers
To preserve the dignity and relevance of traditional institutions, both the government and traditional rulers must take proactive steps:
1. Government:
• Respect for Autonomy: Governments should respect the autonomy of traditional institutions and avoid using them for political gain.
• Legal Protection: Implement and enforce laws that protect traditional institutions from political interference and ensure that their roles are clearly defined and respected.
2. Traditional Rulers:
• Uphold Integrity: Traditional rulers must maintain their integrity and avoid entanglement in partisan politics.
• Focus on Community Development: Emphasize their role in community development, social justice, and cultural preservation, thereby reinforcing their relevance and respect within their communities.
Conclusion
The deposition and reinstallation of Emir Sanusi of Kano highlight the on-going struggle between political power and traditional authority in Nigeria. To preserve the dignity and relevance of traditional institutions, there must be a concerted effort by both government and traditional leaders to respect and uphold the autonomy and integrity of these roles. By doing so, they can ensure that these institutions continue to serve as pillars of culture and tradition for generations to come.
Amb. IBE CLIFF is a Knowledge Entrepreneur, Media Strategist and Publisher of AFRICAN FREE PRESS.
